久久亚洲国产成人影院-久久亚洲国产的中文-久久亚洲国产高清-久久亚洲国产精品-亚洲图片偷拍自拍-亚洲图色视频

您現(xiàn)在的位置: > Language Tips > Easy English > Festival > January  
 





  Dr. Martin Luther King Day(馬丁•路德•金紀(jì)念日)
[ 2004-01-13 01:00 ]

Dr. Martin Luther King Day
Third Monday in January
"We will not resort to violence.
We will not degrade ourselves with hatred.
Love will not be returned with hate."
——Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Click here to listen to the famous speech "I Have a Dream," delivered by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial on August 23, 1963.

It was December, 1955, and Martin Luther King, Jr. had just received his doctorate degree in theology(神學(xué)). He had moved to Montgomery( 蒙哥馬利), Alabama to preach at a Baptist church. He saw there, as in many other southern states, that African-Americans had to ride in the back of public buses. Dr. King knew that this law violated the rights of every African-American. He organized and led a boycott(聯(lián)合抵制)of the public buses in the city of Montgomery. Any person, black or white, who was against segregation(種族隔離)refused to use public transportation. Those people who boycotted were threatened or attacked by other people, or even arrested or jailed by the police. After 382 Days of boycotting the bus system, the Supreme Court(最高法院)declared that the Alabama state segregation law was unconstitutional.

African-Americans were not only segregated on buses throughout the south. Equal housing was denied to them, and seating in many hotels and restaurants was refused.

In 1957, Dr. King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference(南
方基督教領(lǐng)導(dǎo)會(huì)議)and moved back to his home town of Atlanta, Georgia. This was the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement(民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)). In the years following, he continued to organize non-violent protests against unequal treatment of African-American people. His philosophy remained peaceful, and he constantly reminded his followers that their fight would be victorious if they did not resort to bloodshed(流血). Nonetheless(盡管如此), he and his demonstrators were often threatened and attacked. Demonstrations which began peacefully often ended up in violence, and he and many others were often arrested.

On August 23, 1963, a crowd of more than 250,000 people gathered in Washington, D.C. and marched to the Capitol Building(國(guó)會(huì)大廈)to support the passing of laws that guaranteed every American equal civil rights. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was at the front of the "March on Washington." On the steps of the Lincoln Memorial(林肯紀(jì)念堂)that day, Dr. King delivered a speech that was later entitled "I Have a Dream." The March was one of the largest gatherings of black and white people that the nation's capital had ever seen... and no violence occurred.

One year later, the Civil Rights Act(民權(quán)法案)of 1964 was passed. It was not the first law of civil rights for Americans, but it was the most thorough and effective. The act guaranteed equal rights in housing, public facilities, voting and public schools. Everyone would have impartial hearings(申訴的機(jī)會(huì))and jury trials. A civil rights commission would ensure that these laws were enforced. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and thousands of others now knew that they had not struggled in vain(徒勞). In the same year Dr. King won the Nobel Peace Prize for leading non-violent demonstrations.

In 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated while he was leading a workers' strike in Memphis, Tennessee. White people and black people who had worked so hard for peace and civil rights were shocked and angry. The world grieved the loss of this man of peace.

The Making of a Holiday

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s death did not slow the Civil Rights Movement. Black and white people continued to fight for freedom and equality. Coretta Scott King is the widow of the civil rights leader. In 1970, she established the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Center in Atlanta, Georgia. This "living memorial" consists of his boyhood home and the Ebenezer Baptist Church, where King is buried.

On Monday, January 20, 1986, in cities and towns across the country people celebrated the first official Martin Luther King Day, the only federal holiday commemorating an African-American. A ceremony which took place at an old railroad depot(鐵路倉(cāng)儲(chǔ))in Atlanta Georgia was especially emotional. Hundreds had gathered to sing and to march. Many were the same people who, in 1965, had marched for fifty miles between two cities in the state of Alabama to protest segregation and discrimination of black Americans.

All through the 1980's, controversy surrounded the idea of a Martin Luther King Day. Congressmen and citizens had petitioned(請(qǐng)求)the President to make January 15, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday, a federal holiday. Others wanted to make the holiday on the day he died, while some people did not want to have any holiday at all.

January 15 had been observed as a public holiday for many years in 27 states and Washington, D.C. Finally, in 1986, President Ronald Reagan declared the third Monday in January a federal legal holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King's birthday.

Schools, offices and federal agencies are closed for the holiday. On Monday there are quiet memorial services as well as elaborate ceremonies in honor of Dr. King. On the preceding Sunday, ministers of all religions give special sermons(布道)reminding everyone of Dr. King's lifelong work for peace. All weekend, popular radio stations play songs and speeches that tell the history of the Civil Rights Movement. Television channels broadcast special programs with filmed highlights of Dr. King's life and times.

 
 
 




主站蜘蛛池模板: 欧美一区二区三区久久综合 | 国产精品欧美日韩 | 国产成人v爽在线免播放观看 | 国产 日韩 欧美 在线 | 在线视频一区二区三区三区不卡 | 欧美成人全部视频 | 亚洲韩精品欧美一区二区三区 | 亚洲国产日韩成人综合天堂 | 亚洲成人黄色片 | 久草网视频在线观看 | 未成人做爰视频www 窝窝午夜精品一区二区 | 能在线观看的一区二区三区 | 色视频网站大全免费 | 国产伦精一区二区三区视频 | 国产欧美日韩三级 | 国产高清免费 | 日韩欧美中文字幕一区二区三区 | 日韩经典中文字幕 | 91久久视频| 久久这里一区二区精品 | 久久这里只有精品视频99 | 美女黄色在线看 | 欧美国产一区二区 | a级午夜毛片免费一区二区 a级性生活视频 | 国产日韩精品一区二区三区 | 中文字幕日韩精品亚洲七区 | 久久无码av三级 | 国产a级一级久久毛片 | 女人张开腿让男人捅视频 | 国内自拍网红在线综合 | 日韩免费一级a毛片在线播放一级 | 色综合久久88一加勒比 | 久久综合久久精品 | 黄 色 成 年 人小说 | 欧美成人性色xxxx视频 | 亚洲欧美日本在线观看 | 韩日一级片 | 国产精品不卡在线 | 久久午夜鲁丝片午夜精品 | 成人欧美一区二区三区视频 | 日本免费在线观看视频 |