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（五）大力加強文化建設

5. Energetically promoting cultural progress

國家發展、民族振興，不僅需要強大的經濟力量，更需要強大的文化力量。文化是一個民族的精神和靈魂，是一個民族真正有力量的決定性因素，可以深刻影響一個國家發展的進程，改變一個民族的命運。沒有先進文化的發展，沒有全民族文明素質的提高，就不可能真正實現現代化。解放思想、改革開放的時代精神，已經成為推動社會前進的先進文化力量，使中華民族充滿生機與活力。

To develop the country and rejuvenate the nation, we must not only be economically strong, but more importantly, be culturally strong. Culture is the spirit and soul of a nation, and the determining factor of whether it is truly strong or not. It can profoundly affect the progress of a country’s development and change the destiny of a nation. If we do not develop an advanced culture and improve the whole nation’s cultural and ethical levels, we cannot truly modernize. Emancipating our minds, and reform and opening up embody the spirit of our times, and they have become an advanced cultural force driving social progress and have filled the Chinese nation with vigor and vitality.

一年來，我們大力發展公益性文化事業，加快推進文化體制改革，加強公共文化服務體系建設，促進文化產業快速成長，繁榮文化市場，有效擴大了內需。新的一年，我們要更加重視和大力加強文化建設。繼承和弘揚中華民族優秀傳統文化，吸收和借鑒世界各國文明成果，建設中華民族共有精神家園。政府要更好地履行發展公益性文化事業的責任，保障人民群眾的基本需求和權益。文化基礎設施建設和公共文化資源配置要向基層、特別是農村和中西部地區傾斜，推進美術館、圖書館、文化館、博物館免費開放，豐富人民群眾的精神文化生活。要繼續推進文化體制改革，扶持公益性文化事業，發展文化產業，鼓勵文化創新，培育骨干文化企業，生產更多健康向上的文化產品，滿足人民群眾多樣化的文化需求。促進哲學社會科學、廣播影視、新聞出版、檔案事業發展，繁榮文學藝術創作，加強文物保護。積極開展對外文化交流，增強中華文化國際影響力。大力發展公共體育事業，廣泛開展全民健身運動，提高人民的身體素質。中華民族不僅能夠創造經濟奇跡，也一定能夠創造新的文化輝煌。

Over the past year, we vigorously developed non-profit cultural programs, sped up the reform of the cultural management system, improved the system of public cultural services, stimulated the rapid growth of our culture industry, brought prosperity to the culture market, and effectively expanded domestic demand. In the new year, we need to pay greater attention to and vigorously promote cultural progress. We will draw upon and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation, draw on and make use of the achievements of the cultures of other countries, and build a home of spirit shared by the whole Chinese nation. Our government needs to better carry out its responsibility for developing non-profit cultural programs and ensure that the people’s basic demands are met and that their rights and interests are protected. We will give high priority to the primary, level, especially rural areas and the central and western regions in developing cultural infrastructure and allocating public cultural resources; make admission to more art galleries, libraries, cultural centers and museums free of charge; and enrich the people’s intellectual and cultural lives. We will continue to reform the cultural management system, support non-profit cultural programs, develop the culture industry, encourage cultural innovation, foster leading cultural enterprises, and produce more healthy and inspirational cultural works to meet the diverse cultural needs of our people. We will promote the development of philosophy, the social sciences, radio, television, film, the press, publishing, and archives; make literary and artistic creation fiourish; and strengthen the protection of our cultural heritage. We will vigorously develop cultural exchanges with foreign countries, and make Chinese culture more infiuential internationally. We will energetically develop recreational sports, launch an extensive exercise campaign for the general public, and improve the people’s health. The Chinese nation can not only create economic miracles but also make brilliant new cultural achievements.

（六）著力保障和改善民生，促進社會和諧進步

6. Vigorously ensuring and improving people’s wellbeing, and promoting social harmony and progress

改善民生是經濟發展的根本目的。只有著力保障和改善民生，經濟發展才有持久的動力，社會進步才有牢固的基礎，國家才能長治久安。

Improving people’s wellbeing is the fundamental goal of economic development. We can ensure that there is sustained impetus for economic development, a solid foundation for social progress, and lasting stability for the country only by working hard to ensure and improve people’s wellbeing.

千方百計擴大就業。這是保障和改善民生的頭等大事。今年就業形勢依然嚴峻，工作上不能有絲毫松懈。要繼續實施積極的就業政策。中央財政擬投入433 億元用于促進就業。重點做好高校畢業生、農民工、就業困難人員就業和退伍轉業軍人就業安置工作。2009年到期的“五緩四減三補貼”就業扶持政策延長一年。加強政策支持和就業指導，鼓勵高校畢業生到城鄉基層、中西部地區和中小企業就業；拓寬就業、擇業、創業渠道，鼓勵自主創業、自謀職業等多種形式的靈活就業，以創業帶動就業。建立健全公共投資帶動就業的機制。繼續加強職業技能培訓，重點提高農民工和城鄉新增勞動力的就業能力。完善就業服務體系，健全勞動力輸出輸入地區協調協作機制，引導勞動力特別是農民工有序流動。加快建立統一規范的人力資源市場。維護勞動者合法權益，構建和諧的勞動關系。我們要通過持之以恒的努力，創造更多的就業機會，讓廣大勞動者各盡所能、各得其所。

We will do everything in our power to increase employment. This is the top priority in our work of ensuring and improving people’s wellbeing. This year the employment situation will still be serious, and we cannot slacken our efforts in the slightest. We need to continue to implement a proactive employment policy. The central government will allocate 43.3 billion yuan to stimulate employment. Emphasis will be given to helping college graduates, rural migrant workers, people experiencing employment difficulty, and demobilized military personnel find jobs. The "five-four-three" employment support policies, originally scheduled to expire in 2009, will be extended for another year. [These policies allow qualified enterprises to postpone their payments of five types of social security contributions; reduce urban workers’ contributions to four types of insurance funds, namely medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation, and maternity insurance; and continue three types of subsidized, enterprise-based job training programs. Tr.] We will increase policy support and employment guidance to encourage college graduates to take community-level jobs in urban and rural areas, and jobs in the central and western regions and in small and medium-sized enterprises. We will expand channels for seeking employment and starting businesses. We will encourage different forms of fiexible employment, including starting businesses and finding jobs independently. We will also encourage job growth through the creation of new businesses. We will establish a sound mechanism for stimulating employment through public investment. We will continue to strengthen vocational training, with the focus on increasing the employability of rural migrant workers and new members of the workforce in urban and rural areas. We will improve the employment services system, strengthen coordination and cooperation between labor-exporting and labor-importing regions, and guide workers in an orderly fiow, especially rural migrant workers. We will accelerate the development of a unified and standardized human resources market. We will safeguard the lawful rights and interests of workers and establish harmonious labor relations. We will work tirelessly to create more job opportunities and to enable workers to tap their full potential and find suitable jobs.

加快完善覆蓋城鄉居民的社會保障體系。扎實推進新型農村社會養老保險試點，試點范圍擴大到23%的縣。加快解決未參保集體企業退休人員基本養老保障等遺留問題。將全國130萬“老工傷”人員全部納入工傷保險范圍。積極推進農民工參加社會保險。加強城鄉低保工作，切實做到動態管理、應保盡保。加強殘疾人社會保障和服務體系建設，進一步落實好扶殘助殘的各項政策，為他們平等參與社會生活創造更好的環境。企業退休人員基本養老金今年再提高10%。各級政府要進一步增加社會保障投入，中央財政擬安排3185億元。要多渠道增加全國社會保障基金，加強監管，實現保值增值。我們要加快構建更加完善的社會保障安全網，使人民生活有基本保障、無后顧之憂。

We will move faster to improve the social security system for both urban and rural residents. We will move steadily forward with the pilot program for a new old-age insurance system for rural residents by expanding it to 23% of the country’s counties. We will act more quickly to solve longstanding problems, including the lack of basic old-age pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises that do not participate in group pension programs. Workers: compensation will be extended to all of the 1.3 million workers injured previous jobs who are not receiving benefits We will work to extend coverage of social security to rural migrant workers. , We will strengthen our work concerning subsistence allowances in both urban and rural areas, and ensure that it is managed in a manner that refiects changing conditions and that everyone who is entitled to such allowances receives them. We will work harder to build the social security and social services system for people with a disability, further implement policies for assisting and supporting them, and create a better environment for them to participate in social activities on an equal footing. We will increase basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by 10%. Governments at all levels need to spend more on social security, and the central government will appropriate 318.5 billion yuan for this purpose. We will increase the country’s social security funds through multiple channels and strengthen oversight and supervision to maintain and increase their value. We will move faster to build a better social safety net to provide basic security to people and free them from worries.

改革收入分配制度。合理的收入分配制度是社會公平正義的重要體現。我們不僅要通過發展經濟，把社會財富這個“蛋糕”做大，也要通過合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好。要堅持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，兼顧效率與公平，走共同富裕的道路。

We will reform the income distribution system. A rational income distribution system is an important manifestation of social fairness and justice. We will not only make the "pie" of social wealth bigger by developing the economy, but also distribute it well on the basis of a rational income distribution system. We need to uphold and improve the system in which distribution according to work is dominant and multiple forms of distribution coexist, give due consideration to efficiency and fairness, and take the path to common prosperity.

一要抓緊制定調整國民收入分配格局的政策措施，逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重。加大財政、稅收在收入初次分配和再分配中的調節作用。創造條件讓更多群眾擁有財產性收入。

First, we will promptly formulate policies and measures to adjust the distribution of national income, and gradually increase the proportion, of income individuals receive from the distribution of national income and the proportion of the primary distribution of income that goes to wages and salaries. We will strengthen the role of fiscal and taxation policies in adjusting the primary and secondary distribution of income. We will create conditions for more people to earn income from property.

二要深化壟斷行業收入分配制度改革。完善對壟斷行業工資總額和工資水平的雙重調控政策。嚴格規范國有企業、金融機構經營管理人員特別是高管的收入，完善監管辦法。

Second, we will deepen the reform of the income distribution system of monopoly industries. We will improve the policy of dual control over total payroll and wage scales in these industries. We will set strict standards for the income of executives, especially senior ones, of state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, and improve related oversight and supervision rules.

三要進一步規范收入分配秩序。堅決打擊取締非法收入，規范灰色收入，逐步形成公開透明、公正合理的收入分配秩序，堅決扭轉收入差距擴大的趨勢。

Third, we will further standardize the pattern of income distribution. We will firmly crack down on and ban illegal income; regulate off-the-books income; gradually form a transparent, fair and rational pattern of income distribution; and resolutely reverse the widening income gap.

促進房地產市場平穩健康發展。要堅決遏制部分城市房價過快上漲勢頭，滿足人民群眾的基本住房需求。

We will promote the steady and sound development of the real estate market. We will resolutely curb the precipitous rise of housing prices in some cities and satisfy people’s basic need for housing.

一是繼續大規模實施保障性安居工程。中央財政擬安排保障性住房專項補助資金632億元，比上年增加81億元。建設保障性住房300 萬套，各類棚戶區改造住房280萬套。擴大農村危房改造試點范圍。各級政府要切實負起責任，嚴格執行年度建設計劃，確保土地、資金和優惠政策落實到位。

First, we will continue to carry out low-income housing projects on a large scale. The central government will allocate 63.2 billion yuan for low-income housing, an increase of 8.1 billion yuan over last year. We will build 3 million housing units for low-income families and renovate 2 8 million housing units in run-down areas. We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas. Governments at all levels must genuinely take responsibility to ensure that the annual construction plan is strictly carried out and that policies concerning land, funding, and preferential treatment are implemented well.

二是繼續支持居民自住性住房消費。增加中低價位、中小套型普通商品房用地供應，加快普通商品房項目審批和建設進度。規范發展二手房市場，倡導住房租賃消費。盤活住房租賃市場。

Second, we will continue to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners’ residences. We will increase the land supply for building small and medium-sized condominiums to be sold at low and medium price levels, and expedite the approval procedure for and construction of such housing projects. We will standardize and develop the market for used homes, encourage home renting, and stimulate rental housing market.

三是抑制投機性購房。加大差別化信貸、稅收政策執行力度。完善商品房預售制度。

Third, we will lrein in speculative housing purchases. We will intensify the implimentation of differentiated credit and tax policies. We will improve the advance purchase system for commodity housing.

四是大力整頓和規范房地產市場秩序。完善土地收入管理使用辦法，抑制土地價格過快上漲。加大對圈地不建、捂盤惜售、哄抬房價等違法違規行為的查處力度。

Fourth, we will work to rectify and standardize the real estate market. We will improve the methods for managing and using income from land, and keep land prices from rising too fast. We will make greater efforts to deal with violations of laws and regulations such as keeping land unused, property hoarding, and price rigging.

加快推進醫藥衛生事業改革發展。積極穩妥推進醫藥衛生體制改革，全面落實五項重點工作。繼續擴大基本醫療保障覆蓋面。今年要把城鎮居民基本醫保和新農合的財政補助標準提高到120元，比上年增長50%，并適當提高個人繳費標準。開展農村兒童白血病、先天性心臟病醫療保障試點，盡力為這些不幸的兒童和家庭提供更多幫助。在60％政府舉辦的基層醫療衛生機構實施基本藥物制度，其他醫療機構也要優先選用基本藥物。推進基本藥物集中采購和統一配送。基本完成城鄉基層醫療衛生機構建設規劃，大規模開展適宜人才培養和培訓。進一步完善支持村衛生室建設和鄉村醫生發展的政策措施。完善基層醫療衛生機構補償機制，落實崗位績效工資。開展社區首診試點，推動形成基層醫療衛生機構和醫院功能區分合理、協作配合、互相轉診的服務體系。切實加強甲型H1N1流感等重大傳染病防控和慢性病、職業病、地方病防治，提高突發公共衛生事件應急處置能力。開展公立醫院改革試點，堅持基本醫療的公益性方向，創新體制機制，充分調動醫務人員積極性，提高服務質量，控制醫療費用，改善醫患關系。大力支持社會資本興辦醫療衛生機構，在服務準入、醫保定點等方面一視同仁。扶持和促進中醫藥、民族醫藥事業發展。醫藥衛生事業改革發展關系人民身體健康和家庭幸福，我們要克服一切困難，把這個世界性難題解決好。

We will accelerate the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields. We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, and comprehensively accomplish five key tasks. We will continue to expand the coverage of guaranteed basic medical care. This year we will raise government subsidies on basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and on the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 120 yuan per person per year, up 50% over last year, and appropriately increase rates for individual contributions. We will carry out a pilot program for ensuring that rural children with leukemia or congenital heart disease receive medical treatment and provide more assistance to these less fortunate children and their families. We will install the basic drug system in 60% of community medical institutions and urge other medical institutions to give high priority to the use of basic drugs. We will promote the centralized purchase and unified distribution of basic drugs. We will basically complete the plan for building community medical institutions in urban and rural areas, undertake personnel education and training on a large scale, and further improve the policies and measures for supporting the development of village clinics and rural doctors. We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing community medical institutions and link salaries to performance. We will carry out a pilot program for making community medical institutions the first option in medical treatment and work to create a service system in which hospitals and community medical institutions (each with its own well-defined functions) coordinate and collaborate with each other and refer cases to each other. We will strengthen prevention and control of infiuenza A (H1N1) and other major communicable diseases as well as chronic, occupational, and endemic diseases, and enhance our ability to handle public health emergencies. We will carry out a pilot reform of public hospitals; maintain the non profit nature of bask medical services; make institutional and procedural innovations; boost the morale of medical workers; raise the quality of service; control medical costs; and improve relations between medical service providers and consumers. We will energetically support the use of non-government capital to run medical and healthcare institutions, and such institutions will be treated the same as public hospitals in obtaining operating licenses and providing medical services covered by the public medical insurance system. We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities. The reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields affects the health of the people and the happiness of their families; therefore, we must overcome all difficulties and solve this universal problem.

做好人口和計劃生育工作。繼續穩定低生育水平。做好流動人口計劃生育服務工作。落實好農村婦女婦科疾病定期檢查和住院分娩補助政策。加強出生缺陷干預，開展免費孕前優生健康檢查試點，做好孕產婦和嬰幼兒保健工作。繼續實施農村部分計劃生育家庭獎勵扶助制度和西部地區少生快富工程。切實保護好婦女和未成年人權益。加強應對人口老齡化戰略研究，加快建立健全養老社會服務體系，讓老年人安享晚年生活。

We will do a good job in population and family planning work We will continue to maintain a low birthrate. We will provide good family planning services for the fioating population. We will provide regular gynecological examinations and subsidize hospital childbirths for rural women. We will strengthen intervention in birth defects; carry out a pilot program of free pre-pregnancy checkups; and provide quality health services for infants, pre-school children, and prenatal and nursing women. We will continue to reward and support eligible rural families that comply with family planning regulations, and carry out the "lower birthrate equals faster prosperity" project in the western region. We will take effective measures to protect the rights and interests of women and minors. We will intensify strategic research on coping with an aging population and move more quickly to create a sound system of old-age services so that people can live a happy life in their old age.